Rubber Ring
O Ring and Rubber Seals Design Engineering
O-rings are acceptable for static sealing but inappropriate for dynamic sealing applications such as pumps and compressors, and high and low pressure applications. In these cases a single elastomer may be used with an X-ring profile to prevent twisting in rotary applications. However a composite seal design is often preferred.
A composite seal is a combination of two or more materials to produce a seal that offers the best attributes of both materials. For example, a T-shaped seal comprises an elastomer T-shaped component and two plastic back up rings. The seals are used in reciprocating piston, rod and rotary applications. The T-shaped design prevents the elastomer rolling and the plastic back-up rings, energised by the rubber elastomer, provide improved high pressure performance. Importantly the T-seals can be installed into standard O ring grooves. Other standard composite seal designs include spring reinforced seals, encapsulated seals, lip seals, energised lip seals and cap seals.
Where greater customisation is needed seal design engineering techniques based on popular CAD packages such as Solidworks, Catia, Pro Engineer and AutoCAD are employed. 3D modelling and analytical behaviour predictive tools such as finite element analysis (FEA) can then be used to explore ‘what if’ simulation scenarios to produce a ‘right first time’ design. Seal selection tools to assist the engineer are also available online. Temperature and chemical compatibility, groove dimensions for the most common o ring sizes, and physical performance datasheets enable selection of the most appropriate o ring seal.
As never before the design engineer is able to fine tune the performance of equipment rubber seals and gaskets, thanks to the development of new materials and improved design and manufacturing techniques.
Optimising sealing performance involves striking a balance between often competing properties: mechanical performance vs temperature resistance vs chemical resistance vs rapid gas decompression resistance and so on. The need for compromise is reducing all the time as weaknesses in existing elastomers are polymer-engineered out and new materials developed to meet extreme operating conditions are applied to more mainstream markets.
One such material is fluoroelastomer (FKM). FKM seals provide high temperature and chemical resistance to a broad range of chemicals and solvents. However the elastomer typically shows poor resistance to hot water and steam. By changing the way the polymer is manufactured radical improvements in water and steam resistance can be achieved. Within the FKM family of materials, there are differing ‘cure systems’ – the chemical cross-linking reaction (vulcanization) which occurs to join the polymer chains together. Common FKM sealing materials are of two types: co-polymer and terpolymer. The commonly used traditional, bisphenol-cured, co-polymer fluoroelastomers are cured by utilizing a ‘condensation’ reaction where, water is generated during the cure process. When the fluoroelastomer is exposed to high temperature water and steam environments, the cure is reversed, breaking down the cross-links of the material, leading to premature failure of the rubber seals.
Peroxide-cured, terpolymer fluoroelastomers, on the other hand, do not suffer the reverse condensation reaction. Instead, the peroxide cure system is a ‘free-radical’ reaction, and as such, provides superior water and steam resistance. This, and other new compounding techniques, is now enabling FKM elastomers to withstand steam cleaning regimes up to 200˚C.
About the Author
O Ring Seals. PPE manufactures and supplies molded rubber O rings.
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Value glasses rope spare rubber rings multi-purpose DIY accessories 50pcs #Y $0.99 |
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RUBBER Finger&Thumb Ring Size SET for BONIKA HairStylist Grooming Shears Scissor $9.99 |
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RUBBER Finger&Thumb Ring SET for 44/20,Dubl Duck,C MON Grooming Shears Scissors $9.99 |
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200 PCS 3/4″ latex Bands Rubber ring for topknot & dog bows $0.99 |
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★ Bally Captain Fantastic ‘HOME’ pinball rubber ring kit $14.99 |
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500 Rubber Stopper Rings Silicone Beads Fit European Clip Beads $5.99 |
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20 Pcs 1 1/2″ Inner Dia Blk Rubber O Ring Seal Grommets $2.98 |
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RECOLLECTIONS clear rubber stamp set JUST MARRIED Wedding Cake Rings $6.99 |
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GENTS MODERN RUBBER & SILVER STAINLESS STEEL RING / MENS BAND / UK SIZE X $6.26 |
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1.5mm Rubber Tubing Spring Ring 20pcs Glue & Co $38.99 |
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20pcs Rubber Tubing Spring Ring 2mm Glue & Co $38.99 |
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Glue & Co Rubber Tubing Spring Ring 1mm 20pcs $38.99 |
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Girl Women Lady Hair Head Rubber Ponytail Holders Ties Rope Ring $0.01 |
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Lot (4) Rubber Nitrile 3.1mm x 1.6mm O-Ring Seal (NEW) $2.15 |
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100 TATTOO o-rings, 100 rubber band, 100 grommets, 100 nipples & 1 brush set USA $8.95 |
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Bag Of 65 Parker E0540 2-381 Rubber O-Rings Black 12″ $11.51 |
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Art Impress Unmounted Rubber Cling Stamp Jingle Tots Ring Around the Tree – 4086 $8.90 |
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2 Pairs Rubber Magnetic Ring for Slim+Fit+Weight Loss $3.08 |
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WHOLESALE 10 New Rubber Ring Stopper Beads Charms Beads Fit Bracelet 11mm 151692 $0.90 |
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Montblanc Contemporary Collection Rubber Key Ring chain Made in Germany Mint $26.00 |
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BOSS PEDAL RUBBER GROMMET O-RING 4pc Aftmkt. no pedal $6.00 |
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1977 Interflip Dragon Pinball Rubber Ring Kit $16.95 |
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Pro Line Navasink Wading Shoes Rubber Sole with D – Rings Green 11 $14.99 |
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Google Android Robot Figure Rubber Keychain Key Chain Ring Cartoon Toy Brown $0.99 |
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Ice Cube Tray Mold Thermoplastic Rubber Ring of Love Shaped New E305 $0.99 |
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Fake Plugs With Rubber O Rings And Simulated Diamonds Silver Finish 6mm 1Pair P2 $12.99 |
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Fake Ear Plugs With Rubber O Rings Stainless Steel Shiny Silver Finish 1Pair P2 $12.99 |
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2002-to-2006__Freightliner__Dodge Sprinter__”4″__Oil Filters Kit Diesel__02-06__ $38.40 |
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Girl Women Lady Hair Head Rubber Ponytail Holders Ties Rope Ring $0.01 |
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1977 Stern Stingray Pinball Rubber Ring Kit $13.75 |
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1978 Stern Nugent Pinball Rubber Ring Kit $14.75 |
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1979 Stern Dracula Pinball Rubber Ring Kit $14.80 |
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2 White Rubber Ring Finger Displays $7.99 |
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1979 Stern Trident Pinball Rubber Ring Kit $14.80 |
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1980 Stern Ali Pinball Rubber Ring Kit $13.75 |
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1980 Stern Big Game Pinball Rubber Ring Kit $14.75 |
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1981 Stern Catacomb Pinball Rubber Ring Kit $15.85 |
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1981 Stern Viper Pinball Rubber Ring Kit $13.25 |
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NIKON AF 80-200MM 2.8 D MF RUBBER RING NEW ORIGINAL OEM $19.50 |
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Sterling SILVER Round Ring STOPPER RUBBER f/ European bead Charm Bracelets $2.50 |
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10 Leaf New Stopper Rubber Ring Charms Beads Fit Bracelet 151693 WHOLESALE BULK $0.90 |
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1966 Batman Collapsible Rings Rubber Gumball Machine Charms On Header Card $75.00 |
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72 Watch Case Back Gaskets Rubber O-Ring Repair Parts $6.99 |
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FOSSIL POLISHED STEEL BLACK RUBBER THICK BAND RING JF81167 040 UK SIZE X 21 MM $0.99 |
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NEW FOSSIL STEEL BLACK RUBBER THICK BAND RING MODEL JF81167 040 UK SIZE Z 22MM $0.99 |
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FOSSIL MEN’S BLACK STEEL RUBBER BAND RING JF81167 UK P 18MM (SMALL MEN’S SIZE) $0.99 |
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NEW FOSSIL STEEL AND BLACK RUBBER THICK BAND RING JF81167 040 UK SIZE U 20MM $0.99 |
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_2002-to-2008__MINI Cooper__”2″__Oil Filter__KIT__R50__R52__R53__02-to-08__ $31.40 |
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4pcs Rubber Magnetic Toe Ring Keep Fit Slim Weight Loss $3.08 |
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3 x Non-slip Green Rubber Ring Circle O-rings for Fishing Rod $2.59 |
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Yamaha R1 3D Soft Rubber Key Ring Keychain YZF-R1 Blue $8.78 |
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BICYCLE SPRINGER FORK RUBBER & RING CRUISER LOWRIDER $8.99 |
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12 FLASHING LED RUBBER SPIKE RINGS, BODY LIGHTS TOYS $0.99 |
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Pikachu Pokeball Figure Nintendo Pokemon Rubber Key Chain Ring Keychain 7DYS $1.05 |
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Robot Android Google Figure Rubber Keychain Key Chain Ring Toy Brown Teddy 7DYS $0.99 |
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Robot Google Figure Android Rubber Keychain Key Chain Ring Cute Toy Green 7DYS $0.99 |
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MEN’S STAINLESS STEEL & RUBBER 3 ROW BAND WEDDING RING SIZE 8,9,10,11,12,13 $11.99 |
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500 Rubber Stopper Rings Fit European Clip Beads $6.44 |
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XXXXX-Large – Sealing Devices Inc. – Rubber O-Ring $24.99 |
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New Strength Grip Rubber Ring 45KG For Hand Fingers Palm $3.59 |
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Stainless Steel Square Rubber Mens Finger Ring 0.7-0.8″ FASHION $2.79 |
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New 100 Packs of Party Favors Kid-Friendly Pin Jewels Rubber Rings Accessories $67.35 |
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New 80 Packs of Party Favors Kid-Friendly Pin Jewels Rubber Rings Accessories $55.59 |
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New Strength Grip Rubber Ring 45KG For Hand Fingers Palm $0.10 |
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WEDDING RINGS RIBBON FRAME used rubber stamp 7N $5.74 |
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WEDDING RINGS ON LACE HEART PILLOW rubber stamp 8W $6.90 |
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35KG Strength Grip Rubber Ring For Hand Fingers Palm $0.10 |
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35KG Strength Grip Rubber Ring For Hand Fingers Palm $3.59 |
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CUTE Rubber Key Chain Key Ring KeyChain KeyRing Pendant For Motorbike Bike Audi $0.99 |
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CUTE Rubber Key Chain Key Ring Pendant For BMW Motorbike Bike Motorcycle $0.99 |
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CUTE Rubber Motorcycle Bike Key Chain Key Ring Pendant For Chevrolet $0.99 |
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military grade O ring lot of 9 pieces 1.03 x 0.850 x 0.097 seal rubber gasket $7.50 |
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High Profile 1″ Rings for Rubber Armored Scope $13.95 |
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New!!! Top Mixed Lots 10pcs stainless steel &Rubber Fashion Golden Color Rings $0.99 |
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New 15KG Strength Grip Rubber Ring For Hand Fingers Palm Power Training $2.99 |
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New 15KG Strength Grip Rubber Ring for Hand Fingers Palm Power Training $0.10 |
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Fake Stretchers Black Plugs With Rubber O Rings And Simulated Diamond 1Pair P2 $12.99 |
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125 PCS O-Ring Rubber Fiber Nylon Washers Assortment $16.99 |
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Black TPU Soft Rubber Milk Skin Color Ring Style Case Cover For iPhone 4G 4S $0.01 |
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2 Wedding Rings with a Rose Toomuchfun rubber stamps Rubber Stamp $9.99 |
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_2002-to-2008__Mini Cooper__”3″__Oil Filter Kit__r50_r52_r53__BMW-Mini S__02-08_ $39.40 |
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Red Milk Skin Color Ring Style TPU Soft Rubber Case Cover For iPhone 4G 4S $0.01 |
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500 Rubber Stopper Rings Fit European Clip Beads $0.26 |
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tattoo supplies 3pcs Adjustment Tools rubber o-ring for Tattoo Machine/Gun kit $3.16 |
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Rubber Mold Jewelry Ring Professionally made/wax casting $8.50 |
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1980 80 Yamaha GT 80 GT80 Rubber Clutch Rings $11.39 |
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Rubber Mold Jewelry Ring Professionally made/wax casting $10.50 |
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USH 35.5mm x 45mm x 6mm Hydraulic Rubber Oil Seal Ring for Autos $7.56 |
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BMW (’93-98 v8) Rubber Ring Air Flow Sensor Boot @ Secondary Throttle Body e34 $19.90 |
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20 Pcs 3/4″ Outside Dia Rubber Gasket Washer Seal Rings $6.96 |
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Small Soft Squeezable Yellow Rubber Ducky Duck LACSD Key Ring Whimsical Used $4.99 |
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25 1-1/8″ ID 1-3/8″ OD 1/8″ THICK BUNA-N RUBBER O-RINGS $4.99 |
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Tamiya Rubber Rings for 13-12mm Double Aluminum Rollers (6pcs) #94812 AO-1026 $3.45 |
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Silver Tone 5 Pcs Rondelle Charms Stopper Rubber Ring Bead Fit Bracelet 151700 $0.99 |
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USH 65mm x 75mm x 6mm Rubber Oil Seal Ring for Automobile $7.97 |
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Stainless Steel RUBBER RING UNISEX SIZE 10 T.5 Ring NEW $7.04 |
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Stainless Steel RUBBER RING UNISEX SIZE 8 P1/2 Ring NEW $7.04 |
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Stainless Steel RUBBER RING UNISEX SIZE 12.5 Z Ring NEW $7.04 |
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Stainless Steel RUBBER RING UNISEX SIZE 9 R.5 Ring NEW $7.04 |
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Stainless Steel RUBBER RING UNISEX SIZE 7 N.5 Ring NEW $7.04 |
